SAP
Basis refers to the administration of SAP system that includes activities like
installation and configuration, load balancing, and performance of SAP
applications running on Java stack and SAP ABAP. This includes the maintenance
of different services related to database, operating system, application and
web servers in SAP system landscape and stopping and starting the system. Want
to learn SAP BASIS by experts, see SAP BASIS training with experienced and real time implementation.
SAP
system landscape is defined as an arrangement of SAP servers. Ideally, in a SAP
environment, a three-system landscape exists. A system landscape consists of
Development Server (Dev), Production Server (PROD), and Quality Assurance
server (QAS).
SAP
Architecture is defined as a technology framework of SAP system and it changes
with time unlike the system landscape. SAP Architecture changes with new
software like SAP ECC 6.0, the most recent one.
The
following is a request in SAP System Landscape:
DEVELOPMENT
>>>> Quality >>>> PRODUCTION
The
following figure represents SAP three tier system landscape where work flows
from Dev > QAS > PROD and not in backward direction.
Let
us now discuss the system landscape:
Sandbox server: When a project is
implemented, at the initial stages, a sandbox server is used where all the
customization, configuration is performed.
Development server: Next is to save the
configuration in development server and saved in workbench requests and this
has to be transported to Production server.
Production server: You can consider it
as the final or the most refined stage where the work is done when project is
in production/go live. All the changes that are required by the client are
performed in the DEV environment and later, the request is transported to
production.
SAP System 3-Tier Architecture
The
image given below shows 3-tier architecture of the SAP system. The presentation layer is the topmost one.
This contains the device/application to control the SAP system. This can
include mobile devices, end user systems or SAP GUI or web browser based
client.
The
presentation layer communicates with the application server to perform all the
processing and which is known as brains of an SAP system.
The
bottom layer is called the database
layer. This is responsible to store all the data. The database of SAP
system is kept on a separate server for performance and security reasons.
The
presentation layer consists of different components for ABAP (see SAP ABAP training by experts to learn) and
JAVA that enables the communication and processing of data in SAP system.
The
key components of the presentation layer include the following:
Message
Server − This is used to manage communication between distributed
dispatchers in the ABAP system.
Message
Server − This is used to manage server processes and JAVA dispatchers. It
is used to manage communication within JRE.
Dispatcher
Queue − This is used to store multiple work process types.
Dispatcher
− This is used to distribute the requests to the work processes.
Memory
Pipes − This is used to manage communication between ICM and ABAP work
processes.
Enqueue
Server − This is used to handle logical locks set by the executed Java
application program. (Learn to program by Java training).
Java
Dispatcher − This is responsible to receive the client requests via
presentation layer and forward to the server process.
Gateway
− This is used to manage communication between SAP system and external systems.
ABAP
Work processes − This separately executes dialog steps in R/3 applications
separately.
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