SAP BASIS Online Learning | System Landscape and Architecture

SAP Basis refers to the administration of SAP system that includes activities like installation and configuration, load balancing, and performance of SAP applications running on Java stack and SAP ABAP. This includes the maintenance of different services related to database, operating system, application and web servers in SAP system landscape and stopping and starting the system. Want to learn SAP BASIS by experts, see SAP BASIS training with experienced and real time implementation.

SAP system landscape is defined as an arrangement of SAP servers. Ideally, in a SAP environment, a three-system landscape exists. A system landscape consists of Development Server (Dev), Production Server (PROD), and Quality Assurance server (QAS).

SAP Architecture is defined as a technology framework of SAP system and it changes with time unlike the system landscape. SAP Architecture changes with new software like SAP ECC 6.0, the most recent one.

The following is a request in SAP System Landscape:

DEVELOPMENT >>>> Quality >>>> PRODUCTION

The following figure represents SAP three tier system landscape where work flows from Dev > QAS > PROD and not in backward direction.

Let us now discuss the system landscape:

Sandbox server: When a project is implemented, at the initial stages, a sandbox server is used where all the customization, configuration is performed.

Development server: Next is to save the configuration in development server and saved in workbench requests and this has to be transported to Production server.

Production server: You can consider it as the final or the most refined stage where the work is done when project is in production/go live. All the changes that are required by the client are performed in the DEV environment and later, the request is transported to production.

SAP System 3-Tier Architecture

The image given below shows 3-tier architecture of the SAP system. The presentation layer is the topmost one. This contains the device/application to control the SAP system. This can include mobile devices, end user systems or SAP GUI or web browser based client.

The presentation layer communicates with the application server to perform all the processing and which is known as brains of an SAP system.

The bottom layer is called the database layer. This is responsible to store all the data. The database of SAP system is kept on a separate server for performance and security reasons.

The presentation layer consists of different components for ABAP (see SAP ABAP training by experts to learn) and JAVA that enables the communication and processing of data in SAP system.

The key components of the presentation layer include the following:

Message Server − This is used to manage communication between distributed dispatchers in the ABAP system.

Message Server − This is used to manage server processes and JAVA dispatchers. It is used to manage communication within JRE.

Dispatcher Queue − This is used to store multiple work process types.

Dispatcher − This is used to distribute the requests to the work processes.

Memory Pipes − This is used to manage communication between ICM and ABAP work processes.

Enqueue Server − This is used to handle logical locks set by the executed Java application program. (Learn to program by Java training).

Java Dispatcher − This is responsible to receive the client requests via presentation layer and forward to the server process.

Gateway − This is used to manage communication between SAP system and external systems.

ABAP Work processes − This separately executes dialog steps in R/3 applications separately.

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SAP BASIS Interview Question Answers

These SAP BASIS interview questions have been designed to get familiar with the nature of the questions to readers that are asked during interview session in SAP BASIS. Normally questions start with some of the basic concepts of the subject.
1.What are the key responsibilities of SAP BASIS Administrator?
The key responsibilities are:-

• System installation and configuration.
• Load balancing on servers.
• Performance management of different components.
• Managing interfaces and integration with servers.
• Managing servers and different services. See SAP BASIS training for more details.

2.What is the current version of SAP GUI? How do you install it?

SAP GUI 7.4, the latest version for Windows was released in October, 2014. It supports various features like — it is by default installed with NWBC 5.0 and SAP GUI and GUI shortcuts are launched through NWBC.
3.What is the difference between developer trace, system log and system trace?
System trace: When you want to record internal SAP system activities, system trace is used. The trace is useful in diagnosis internal problems within SAP system and the host system.
System log: To know the recent logs for application server and CI, System log is referred.
Developer trace: In the event of problems, developer trace, records the technical information about the error or problem.
For problem analysis and system monitoring Developer trace or System log is used.
4.Which SAP GUI type is suitable for different kind of users? How do you decide?
When users are working mostly in the SAP system
SAP GUI for Windows or SAP GUI for Java is recommended.
When users are ABAP developers
For SAP ABAP developers, SAP GUI for Windows is recommended.
When users use operating systems other than Microsoft
It is recommended that they use SAP GUI for Java and HTML or they can use SAP GUI for Windows on a remote server
For integrating Dynpro transactions to the Portal
The use of SAP GUI for HTML is recommended. This allows you to integrate classic Dynpro-based applications into the portal easily.
5.How do you maintain roles in the SAP system?
To maintain roles in the SAP system we use transaction code PFCG.
6.What is developer key? How to generate developer key?
The developer key is a combination of you installation number, your license key and the user name. You need this for each person that will make changes in the system.
7.Why do we create instances in SAP system? How are these instances configured?
SAP instance is defined when you install and configure a SAP system. These are used to refer to memory, processors and other resources in the system. SAP instance allows users to login to the SAP system and share the same resources.
A SAP instance is managed by CCMS and is used by users to login.
A SAP system can consist of one or more instances — you can set up a SAP system with a single instance with only one CCMS or you can configure a system with two or more separate instances in client/server environment.
We need to consider the following points to configure a SAP instance:

• You need to define separate directories for UNIX, AS/400 or Microsoft Windows NT server on which the instance is to be run.
• You can use a shared file system 
• For each instance, there are entries created in operating system configuration files.

8.In a situation where My SAP system is down (Users unable to login to SAP system), How to analyze the problem?

• Check the database status
• SAP Services
• SAP management console (Dispatcher, IGS and message server)
• You need to find out trace root on the basis 
• Check network connectivity 

9.Explain the architecture of SAP system with different layers. What is the use of gateway?

Presentation layer communicates with the application server to perform all the processing. This is known as the brain of a SAP system.
An application server consists of multiple instances and communicates with the database layer of the three-tier architecture.
Bottom layer is called the database layer. This is responsible to store all the data. Database of SAP system is kept on a separate server for performance and security reason.
The Presentation layer consists of different components for ABAP and JAVA that enables the communication and processing of data in SAP system. The key components at Presentation layer also include Gateway. This is used to manage communication between SAP system and external systems.
10.Suppose You have to integrate SAP ECC 6.0 to AWS cloud. How can you achieve this?
You have to make use of SAP Cloud Appliance Library (CAL). This will help you to directly push SAP ECC software to your cloud environment by entering the Security key.
11.What is the difference between support package, kernel and SAP note?
SAP Note: An error in a single transaction or program is removed by implementing a SAP note.
Kernel: Kernel contains the executable files (.EXE) like other applications and when a Kernel upgrade is done a new version of the EXE file replaces the older versions.
Support Package: SAP support packages is a bunch of corrections, this can be used by applying transaction SPAM.
12.What is OK code and Tcode?
“OK” code is used within a program to execute a function. “Tcode” is shortcut which helps to run a program.
13.How do you check the installed software components and product versions on SAP system?
Go to SAP system data → Click on component magnifying glass.
The following two options will be displayed

• Installed software component versions
• Installed component versions 

14.What is client Administration in SAP system? Why do we use multiple clients in SAP system?
A client is used in SAP system for multiple login on a single instance. You can create multiple clients on a single instance. It also provides data security as one user with one client can’t see the data of the other user with another client and also there is no need to install the software again.
The following are the advantages of client administration in SAP system
Using SAP clients, the sane resource can be shared between multiple users.
It helps you to manage SAP system landscape as you can create multiple clients for DEV, QA and PROD team.
It allows you to share the SAP system with a large number of users.
15.What are default clients in SAP system? How can you create a new client in SAP system?
SAP system comes with the following three standard clients
000 - This is called the master client and is available when you install R/3 system.
001 - This is a copy of 000 and it comes with a test company. Generally, this client is used to create new clients.
066 - This is called the SAP Early watch. This is used for diagnostic scans and monitoring service in the SAP system.
Following are the steps to create a new client in SAP

• To create a new client in SAP system, use transaction code SCC4.
• To create a new client, enter the following details after clicking on new entries:
• Client number and name
• City
• Currency, roles

Enter client specific data and set permission for the clients as per your requirement and click on save.

16.What is private mode? When does user switch to private mode?
Private mode is a mode where the heap data is getting exclusively allocated by the user and is no more shared across the system. This happens when your extended memory is exhausted.
17.Version or name of SAP that is implemented in real time? 
The version depends on implementing modules
The history of the R/3 is
3. 0D Basis 300
3.0E Basis 300
3.0F Basis 300
3.1H Basis 310
3.1I Basis 310
4.0B Basis 400
4.5B Basis 450
4.6C Basis 460
4.71 Basis 6.20
4.72 Basis 6.20
5.00 Basis 6.40 (ECC 5.0 – Enterprise Core Components)
6.00 Basis 7.00 (ECC 6.0) – actually in ramp up
All those have increased business functionality and interfaces to other systems like CRM, BW etc.
18.What is the use of trusted system. I know that there is no need of UID and PWD to communicate with partner system. In what situation it is good to go for trusted system?
For example if you have an R/3 system and a BW system and don’t want to maintain passwords. Some goes for CRM and a lot of other systems/applications.
19.What do you understand by SAP client administration?
A client is used in SAP system for multiple login on single instance. You can create multiple clients on a single instance. It also provides data security as one user will client can’t see data of other user and also there is no need to install the software again.
20.What are the benefits of using different clients in SAP system?

Using SAP Clients, you can share the same resources between multiple users.
It helps you to manage SAP system landscape as you can create multiple clients for DEV, QA and PROD team.
It allows you to share the SAP system within large number of users.
Standard Clients in SAP system.
You can create clients in SAP system from 000-999.

SAP Trainings Online,SAP  BASIS interview question answers have been designed specially to get acquainted with the nature of questions that candidate may encounter during interview. If you’re looking for SAP BASIS Interview Question answers, you are at right place. There are lot of opportunities from many reputed companies in the world. According to research SAP BASIS market share has been increasing. So, you still have opportunity to move ahead in your career in BASIS, with SAP BASIS training by SAP certified professionals.
SAP Trainings Online is the biggest SAP training resource providing BASIS training with good infrastructure with practical training. It is very important for BASIS consultant to have hands on experience on live servers. It is right to have training because every scenario could not be created just by installing SAP.
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Live SAP BASIS Online Course | Managing SAP Environment With SAP BASIS

SAP is the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software that’s used by millions of organizations across the globe to manage their business operations and customer relations in a smooth, hassle-free way. Whichever industry domain you belong to – manufacturing, healthcare, advertising and media, finance etc., SAP has distinct modules of software solutions that can be customized to address your every business need. SAP BASIS is the unique layer in the SAP architecture that behaves like an interface between the operating system and the database of the different SAP modules. Whether it is the Production Planning (SAP PP) module, Engineering or Sales module, Inventory or Accounting module etc., SAP BASIS contains all the technical and administrative aspects of SAP software. It helps in the daily functioning of the ERP software and defines the overall structure of the SAP system. It consists of the system and user administration components, monitoring tools, client-server architecture, the graphical user interface system and many more technical components of SAP software.

If you are new to SAP and want to take SAP BASIS training online course, to see how it works end to end.

If you have been using ERP solutions in your organization for the various operations like financial accounting, payroll, material planning, bill of material entry, sales and CRM functions etc., you will already know the functional aspects of SAP. To equip yourself with the technical know-how on the SAP system and understand the finer details on how the system works, you will need to learn the fundamentals of SAP BASIS.

What is SAP BASIS?

SAP Basis is the technical core of the SAP (Systems, Applications and Products) software system. It defines the internal structure the SAP software and consists of the various system and user level components that help in configuration, installation, troubleshooting, updating or monitoring the applications. 

To get a better understanding of SAP features and technical aspects, take SAP BASIS online course.

Features of SAP BASIS

SAP BASIS supports the SAP modules and applications on all the technical aspects of its smooth functioning. Consisting of low level services like database communication and high-end tools for system administrators and users, SAP BASIS is the platform on which the various solutions run. It has several features such as:

Database Administration: It focuses on the administrative functioning of the various applications by monitoring the database that the SAP system uses.

System Administration: It acts like an interface between the system components and the Basis components, emphasizing on the development platform and data dictionary.

User Administration: It provides the various tools required to help the users manage activities like trouble-shooting, up gradation, configuration, installation etc.

Security Administration: Maintains the security of the SAP systems by integrating the authorization module that protects the system from potential breaches, data corruption etc.

Client Server Architecture: It normally uses the real-time 3-layer architecture consisting of the Presentation layer, Application layer and Database layer, thereby following the SAP R/3 architecture. These various layers in turn have specific features that allow for the functioning of the SAP applications.

SAP GUI: SAP Basis defines the graphical user interface (GUI) components of the system. There are three types of interfaces that are widely used – GUI for Windows, GUI for Java and GUI for HTML. It provides the required platform for the implementation of these user interfaces.

SAP Basis lays the foundation of the technical layers on which the SAP applications like SAP ERP, SAP CRM (You can learn more from SAP CRM training), and SAP SCM etc. run on. It provides the real-time environment for the various modules and the infrastructure required to manage and administer SAP applications.

Advantages of SAP BASIS Training

With the growing importance of SAP applications in companies across industry verticals, a hands-on training in the SAP Basis skills will give you a definite advantage in SAP system administration. Since Basis forms an integral part of the technical components of SAP, you can equip yourself with tools to manage or design the SAP databases, user and system management tools, security authorization activities and more. It helps you understand the SAP architecture and layers, sharpen your skills in the latest technologies and tools and master the various activities in the smooth functioning of SAP applications in your organization.

Conclusion:

SAP Basis has evolved over the years to include the latest internet technologies and the newest platforms. SAP Trainings Online, unique SAP training platform shows you how to use enhancements like SAP web application server (WAS) and SAP NetWeaver application server to design and implement a versatile platform for SAP applications. To conclude, you can use the extended features of Basis to make your SAP environment robust, flexible and secure. Derive from the many benefits of SAP Applications to maximize your organization’s profitability and business value.

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SAP BASIS Training | Enrich Career With SAP BASIS

SAP BASIS: BASIS is a very demanding skill in IT companies. BASIS consultant requirement is always high and there are very less number of experienced consultants available in IT market this makes SAP BASIS high paying job. Hence the demand to SAP BASIS training is growing day by day.

BASIS is a set of programs and tools that act as an interface with database, operating system, communication protocols and other SAP modules like FI, HCM, and SAP SD etc. In SAP Trainings Online SAP BASIS training you will be introduced to different features of BASIS. 

Basis administrators are responsible for ensuring that the SAP application server and applications are installed and configured properly and remain running smoothly.

How to become a BASIS consultant?

SAP Trainings Online is the biggest SAP training resource providing BASIS training with good infrastructure with practical training. It is very important for BASIS consultant to have hands on experience on live servers. It is right to have training because every scenario could not be created just by installing SAP.

Important things need to be considered to be BASIS consultant

• Good knowledge on OS (UNIX, Linux, Windows). Having good knowledge makes a consultant resolve issue very fast and used for deep analysis. UN IX experience is very advantage in BASIS because most of the companies use LINUX/UNIX servers in there landscapes. (Learn database concepts from LINUX training).
• It will be an added advantage if one has skills in database like Oracle, DB2 etc. because database concepts are related everywhere.
• It is more advantageous to have overall SAP skills about its architecture and how it works.

Responsibilities of SAP BASIS consultant

• Responsibilities include handling the administration part of SAP, including the installation, configuration and maintenance.
• Installation includes R/3, NW, NW components, solman etc.
• User admin, client admin, backup etc. are included in administration.
• Configuration includes printer, RFC, STMS etc.
• Monitoring the servers, background jobs, system performance and avoiding bottlenecks are done in maintenance process.
• BASIS consultant need to design and develop SAP architecture requirements and specifications to ensure the system is meeting corporate needs.
• BASIS consultant’s role is to bring out solutions from advanced and complex technical projects and implement business issues requiring state of the art technical or industry knowledge.

Future Scope for SAP BASIS

SAP BASIS is the person responsible for making SAP system up and running besides making system in healthy state. So, at least SAP BASIS consultant needed to run a SAP system.

SAP BASIS has good scope. If you from database and networking background then SAP BASIS is the best module. If you want to become BASIS consultant, then one must compulsory have practical knowledge. To increase career opportunities you learn advanced topics with practical implementation.

Register for free demo on SAP BASIS: www.saptrainingsonline.com/student-registration

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SAP BASIS e-Learning | SAP BASIS User Activities

SAP BASIS administrators control the access to applications by creating users, maintaining the same users. Users can be collected in groups according to the criteria in a company or a department and based on roles they perform in the project. A typical company will have several separate SAP systems running for production, development, testing and SAP BASIS training, and perhaps a high-availability system mirroring production on top of everything else. Admins will have to keep all of these systems updated, optimized and communicating with each other.

Roles can be defined to either users individually or to the user group. Roles define the user’s authorization levels to navigate or access the specific set of functions or crucial applications.

Authorizations are the key building blocks of SAP security system. How to secure SAP system can be learnt from SAP Security training by SAP Trainings Online with best experienced faculty.

Authorization is the known process of assigning designated values to fields present in authorization objects.

Access to all system functionality in SAP is achieved through a compound set of authorizations

If the users do not have the necessary authorizations to perform a certain action in the system, predefined message. You are not authorized is displayed on the status bar of the screen.

User administration includes creating, managing and controlling access to R/3 system, various R/3 user types and its data.

The SAP NW application server (Learn from SAP NetWeaver training) java includes the identity management application for administration of users, groups and roles.

User administration major tasks are:

• Creating user
• Locking or unlocking user
• Deleting user
• Approving or rejecting users

The below diagram explains how users are connected to the servers:

SAP user types:

There are 5 different types available in SAP system:

• Communication
• Dialog
• Reference
• Service
• System

Communication users

• Users are not allowed / possible to logon using SAP GUI and cannot able to access the data through SAP GUI screens.
• Users are allowed to change the password if expired using external link.
• SAP system always checks for the password expiry, initial password and prompts when it requires to change depends on the logon method. Main use of the users is for external RFC calls
• These users can access the SAP system data through front end or external applications.

Dialog users:

• Users are allowed to logon using SAP GUI and able to access data through SAP GUI screens
• System validates the password expiration initial password and multi logons
• The user can change the password by their own using SAP GUI
• These users are individual users and individual personalized system access allowed.
• Reference users:
• Users are not allowed to logon using SAP GUI and cannot able to access the data through SAP GUI screens.
• System doesn’t check for initial password and password expiration.
• Users for general, non person related which allows the assignment of additional authorizations to the users like internet users.
• These users used to give authorization to other users.

Service users:

• Users are allowed to logon using SAP GUI and can able to access the data through SAP GUI screens
• System doesn’t check for initial password and password expiration.
• Multiple logins are allowed for this kind of users
• Users are not allowed to change the password and only administrator can change the password.
• These users have very restricted authorizations
• These types of users are created for anonymous users.
• After an individual authentication, an anonymous session begin with service user can be continued as a person related session with a dialog user.

System users:

• Users are not allowed to logon using SAP GUI and can able to access the data through SAP GUI screens.
• System doesn’t check for initial password and password expiration.
• Users are related system related and internal system processes.
• The password change requirement does not apply to these user’s passwords and it cannot be initial or expired.
• Only user administrator can change the password and multiple logons are permissible.
• These users are for background processing, external and internal RFC calls.

How to learn SAP BASIS?

SAP Trainings Online is a deceptively simple e-learning and SAP training authoring solution. Create super-effective training content and deliver courses via Virtual and implant in existing systems. It is very important for BASIS consultant to have hands on experience on live servers. It is right to have training because every scenario could not be created just by installing SAP. We provide training in many countries India, USA, UK, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.

Register with us for free demo: www.saptrainingsonline.com/student-registration

For more details visit: www.saptrainingsonline.com

Email: contact@saptrainingsonline.com

Contact: India +91 9052775398 USA +1315282580

SAP BASIS Online Training | SAP ERP Introduction

SAP is the world leader in enterprise applications in terms of software and software-related service revenue. Based on market capitalization, it is the world’s third largest independent software manufacturer supporting all sizes of industries helping them to operate profitability, grow sustainably and stay ahead of the competition in the market.

What is ERP?

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a software that is built to organizations belonging to different industrial sectors, regardless of their size and strength.

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The ERP package is designed to support and integrate almost every functional area of a business process such as procurement of goods and services, sale and distribution, finance, accountings, human resource, manufacturing, production planning, logistics & warehouse management.

Business process integration

Every business, regardless of the industry they belong to, require connected systems with efficient information flow from one business process to another. Business Process Integration (BPI) plays an important role in overcoming integrating challenges that allows organizations to connect systems internally and externally.

Business Process Integration (BPI) allows:

• Automation of business processes,
• Integration of systems and services,
• Secure sharing of data across numerous applications, and
• Automation of management, operational, and supporting process.

The following illustration shows an overview of various business processes running in an enterprise and how they are integrated.

Evolution of ERP

During early phases of development, integrated solutions were designed for particular process areas such as:

Material Management − the integrated system was known as Material Requirement Planning (MRP)

Manufacturing − the integrated system was known as Manufacturing Resource Planning

However none of the integrated systems came with a complete solution for an organization covering major business process areas. In early 1990’s, the Gartner Group first used the acronym ERP. By mid–1990’s, ERP systems addressed all the core enterprise functions.

Functions of ERP

An ERP system typically performs the following functions:

• Supports the integrated business process inside the organization.
• Improves capital planning and helps in executing organizational plans and strategies.
• Helps speed up the decision-making process over the analysis of accurate data.
• Helps extend the business network to wider domains, expanding the products and services to reach more customers, suppliers, and partners.
• Identifies operational risks to improve governance.
• Provides protection against organizational data breaches and security threats to leakage of information.
• Makes the organization adaptable to the rapid changes in the business process according to the needs.
• Gives long-term profit by providing means to increase the customer base.

Functional areas

ERP is a business management software is usually a suite of integrated applications that a company can use to collect, store, manage, and interpret data from many functional areas including:

Financial Accounting − Deals with financial transactions and data.

Human Resource − Deals with information related to employee of an organization.

Customer Relationship Management − Deals with capturing and managing customer’s relationship, facilitating the use of customer experience to evaluate the knowledge database.

Sales and Distribution − Deals with order placement, delivery, shipment and invoicing.

Logistics and Warehouse Management − Deals with storage of products and shipment.

Manufacturing and Material Management − Deals with the production and production planning activities.

Supply Change Management − Deals with the movement of products, storing, managing, and controlling supplies.

Advantages of ERP

By integrating the business processes, the ERP offers the following advantages:

• Saves time and expenses.
• Allows faster decision-making by the management, utilizing the data and reporting tools designed in the systems.
• Single data source and sharing of data among all the units of an organization.
• Helps in tracking every transaction that takes place in an organization, from starting till end.
• Provides synchronized information transfer in between different functional areas such as sales, marketing, finance, manufacturing, human resource, logistics, etc.

Disadvantages of ERP

It is not always easy to incorporate ERP in an organization. ERP suffers from the following drawbacks:

• Sometimes business processes critical to an organization are to be re-engineered to align them with an ERP solution.
• Cost of complex integration can be very high.
• Switching from one ERP solution to another increases the implementation cost even further.
• End-users are to be trained for their daily operations.
• Customization is not preferred.

ERP Packages

Many companies develop and implement various ERP packages according to their budget and requirements to help them meet their business needs and run their business efficiently.

SAP Trainings Online is a unique SAP training platform which provides learners with real time project and case studies included in course content. SAP Trainings Online designed SAP BASIS training program based on present day industry requirements which makes the learners future ready and strengthens you to go challenging with industrial demands. We provide training in many countries India, USA, UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand.

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Learn SAP BASIS Online | SAP BASIS NetWeaver System and its Architecture

SAP NetWeaver is a web-based, open integration, application platform that serves as the foundation for enterprise service-oriented architecture (enterprise SOA) and allows the integration and alignment of people, information, and business processes across business and technology boundaries. It allows the composition, provisioning, and management of SAP and non-SAP applications across a heterogeneous software environment. SAP BASIS training by experienced SAP professional with updated course curriculum from SAP Trainings Online.

The following table defines the Main Use Cases of SAP NetWeaver and its key area:

To implement these use cases, SAP has provided mapping between use cases and SAP NetWeaver software components.

Consider the use case of data warehousing, it has multiple product instances and client tools to use NetWeaver for data warehousing. Learn more from SAP NetWeaver training.

SAP NetWeaver is one of the central components of the entire SAP software stack and provides you a platform for other components and JAVA and ABAP applications. Learn ABAP and its applications see more from SAP ABAP training.

SAP Application server consists of multiple application server instances and also database servers. With use of dialog instance, it also contains message server and an enqueue server.

The following is a dialog instance executed by a user:

These are the different components of the Dialog Instance:

Internal Communication Manager: This is used to process both client and server web requests. It supports protocol – HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP.

Dispatcher: This is used to distribute the user request to different work processes. If all the work processes are busy, requests are stored in the dispatcher queue.

Work Processes: These are used to execute Java or ABAP programs.

SAP Gateway: This provides RFC interface between SAP instances.

Message Server: This is used for message communication and also balances the load in SAP system.

Installation options for SAP NetWeaver

SAP NetWeaver provides the following installation options:

ABAP System: This comes with an integrated VM Container. With this installation, you can run ABAP programs and selected SAP Java applications.

Java System: The components to the right in the above image constitute the Java System. With the installation of this, you can run J2EE applications but not any ABAP programs.

ABAP + Java system: All the components shown in the above image constitute the ABAP + Java System.

Application center and instances

The SAP NetWeaver work center includes the configuration of the following tools:

Adobe Document Services: This allows you to register the Adobe Reader Rights credentials as well as keep track of all unlicensed interactive form designs in your system.

Application Module: This allows you to view the details of the deployed applications and their modules. Here, you can also perform the run-time configuration of the application modules.

Application Resources: This allows you to enable applications to make use of external resources. A NW Administrator can add or delete the application resources.

Authentication and Single Sign-On: This allows you to choose the required authentication mechanism for your applications. You can configure the following authentication and SSO

• AS Java as a Service Provider
• Kerberos

Certificates and Keys: This allows you to manage the AS Java certificates and keys.

Composite Application Framework Authorization Tool: This allows you to manage business rules and Instance Level Permissions for CAF applications, business object nodes and AS Java instances.

Configuration Wizard: You can make technical settings required for the technical processing of a system or a technical scenario.

Destinations: This can be used to specify the remote service's address and the user authentication information for remote connections.

Development Infrastructure: This is required while developing with Java and you want to manage it with Transport Management System (TMS).

Identity Management: This allows you as an administrator to control applications access by creating users and providing these users with a means of authenticating themselves to an application.

Internationalization: This allows you to manage data from double stack systems and also used for synchronization purpose.

Java HTTP Provider Configuration: You can create new virtual hosts and configure existing ones for all registered systems.

Java Class Loader Viewer: You can monitor the hierarchy and references between the class loaders in the AS Java.

Java System Properties: Using this, you can view current system configuration of Application server JAVA and you can edit the properties that are marked as online modifiable.

JMS Server Configuration: This is used to create new JMS resources.

Licenses: You can request and install new SAP licenses.

Log Configuration: You can view current log configuration, change security or reset it to default.

Message Server: You can monitor message server parameters and settings.

Managing Java instances using NWA

Follow these steps to change the status of Java instances at runtime.

Step 1: Go to SAP NetWeaver Administrator > Operations > Systems > Start & Stop

Step 2: Now, go to Java Instances tab under NWA.

Step 3: You can see all available instances with corresponding information about the server processes within the instance.

Step 4: Select an instance to perform the following functions under NWA.

• Start, stop or restart a Java instance.
• Enable or disable debug mode for AS Java processes.
• View and refresh OS processes.
• Clear the DNS cache for a particular instance.
• Set a number of server processes (nodes).

SAP NW system landscape

Follow these steps to perform the implementation of SAP NetWeaver system:

Step 1: Plan the implementation by defining the scope, hardware and software requirements, and release instructions.

Step 2: Define the system landscape for the use cases.

Step 3: Install the components of SAP NetWeaver system.

Step 4: Configure SAP NW systems.

System landscape management using SAP solution manager

SAP recommends the use of the latest version of the SAP Solution Manager to manage your system landscape. It is important to correctly define your SAP system landscape in the following versions of SAP Solution Manager to maintain it correctly.

SAP solution manager 7.0

You can use the SAP Solution Manager System Landscape transaction code — SMSY for the complete system description.

SAP solution manager 7.1 SP01 to SP04

You can use the Landscape Management Database transaction code — LMDB to maintain technical system information. To maintain logical product information, you can use the transaction code — SMSY.

SAP solution manager 7.1 SP05 and higher

You can use the Landscape Management Database transaction code — LMDB for the complete system description and in this, transaction code — SMSY is no longer required.

How to learn SAP BASIS?

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SAP BASIS Online Tutorial: SAP BASIS Interview Questions And Answers

SAP Basis training interview questions have been designed specially to get you acquainted with the nature of questions you may encounter during your interview for the subject of SAP Basis. As per my experience good interviewers hardly plan to ask any particular question during your interview.

What are the responsibilities of SAP BASIS administrator?

The key responsibilities:

• System installation and configuration.
• Load balancing on servers.
• Performance management of different components.
• Managing interfaces and integration with servers.
• Managing servers and different services.

How do you create trusted RFC connection in ABAP system, Explain?

On your source SAP system AA1 you want to setup a trusted RFC towards target system BB1. When it is done it would mean that when you are logged onto AA1 and your user has enough authorization in BB1, you can use the RFC connection and logon to BB1 without having to re-enter user and password.

Using RFC trusted/trusting relationship between two SAP systems, RFC from a trusted system to a trusting system, password is no required for logging on to the trusting system.

Open SAP ECC system using SAP logon. Enter transaction number sm59 → this is transaction number to create a new Trusted RFC connection

What is the use of commit value while deleting jobs in SAP system?

Commit value is proportional to program performance. If the commit value is high, then job deletion will run faster. Recommended value is >= 1000.

In transport management system (TMS) which file is used to store TMS configuration and is used by domains for checking configurations?

DOMAIN.CFG file is created under usr/sap/trans/bin directory which stores TMS configuration and is used by systems and domains for checking existing configurations.

What are the Categories to execute SAP background jobs?

Class A (High Priority) − This is used for urgent or critical tasks. These tasks must be scheduled with class A priority job. Class A job reserves one or more background work processes.

Class B (Medium Priority) − These jobs are executed after the completion of Class A high priority jobs.

Class C (Low Priority) − These jobs run once class A and class B jobs are completed.

What are the different options available for scheduling a background job? What start conditions can be used?

To schedule a background job you must specify the conditions that will trigger the job to start.

The different types of start condition you want to use are

• Immediate
• Date/Time
• After job
• After Event
• At operation mode

What are the different types of job status? Can you unschedule an active job?

The different types of status are - Scheduled, Released, Ready, Active, Finished, Cancelled

You can’t unschedule a job if it is active. You need to wait for the completion of the job to unscheduled it.

What is the use of commit value while deleting jobs in SAP system?

Commit value is proportional to program performance. If the commit value is high, then job deletion will run faster. Recommended value is >= 1000.

In transport management system (TMS)?  Which file is used to store TMS configuration and and used by domains for checking configuration?

DOMAIN.CFG file is created under usr/sap/trans/bin directory which stores TMS configuration and is used by systems and domains for checking existing configurations.

Which transport directory is used to implement support package and add-ons?

Transport directory /usr/sap/trans should have enough space. 

What is the use of kernel in SAP system? how do you check the current kernel version in SAP system?

 Kernel is an executable program that exists between SAP Applications and operating system. It consists of executable program under the path — "/sapmnt/<SID>/exe" for UNIX and \usr\sap\SID\SYS\exe\run Windows. It starts and stops application services such as message server, dispatcher, etc.

In Kernel upgrade, new .exec files replace old executable files in SAP system. To check the current version, use Transaction SM51 and go to Release Notes.

To check the status, go to System → Status tab → Other Kernel info

What are the key activities that you perform as a part of BASIS support?

• Job Processing and Scheduling
• User Management
• SAP system configuration and Client Administration
• Installation and Patch Upgrade
• Installation and Patch Upgrade
• Managing interfaces and integration with servers

How do you check the users logs in your system and how many sessions each user is generating? 

To check number of users are logged into the system and in which client and how many session each user is generated and in each session what transaction is being executed.

What is SAP GUI?

SAP GUI is known as client tool which is used to access remote central server and runs on different operating systems like Microsoft Windows, UNIX, Mac, etc. This is used to manage and access SAP applications like SAP ECC and SAP Business Intelligence (SAP BI)system. Learn SAP BI training by experts.

Do you know supported platforms for SAP GUI?

• SAP GUI for the Windows environment
• SAP GUI for the Java(TM) environment
• SAP GUI for HTML / Internet Transaction Server (ITS)

Are you aware of blue crystal design of SAP GUI?

SAP Blue Crystal is a new visual design theme which succeeds Corbu. It provides a consistent design that allows users to seamlessly experience SAP GUI and NWBC elements. It is the standard theme of Fiori applications and comes with a new color palette and icons which are better scalable.

What is SAP market place?

To download SAP Products. Service.sap.com to login to SAP Market Place

SAP Trainings Online is a deceptively simple e-learning and course authoring solution. Create super-effective training content and deliver courses via Virtual and implant in existing systems. Our training at the speed of business.

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